計畫名稱：我國碳匯量驗證工具先期評估專案工作計畫
計畫編號：EPA-105-FB12-03-A185
計畫執行單位：財團法人環境資源研究發展基金會
計畫主持人(包括協同主持人)：王右仁、曾榮崧
計畫期程：105 年 4 月 28 日起 106 年 4 月 27 日止
摘要
本計畫共包含五項計畫目標，其內容摘要如下：
一、在「盤點我國土地利用與碳匯之相關政策與調查現況」方面，本計畫首先研析國際溫室氣體的政策與協議、IPCC 編撰國家溫室氣體清冊的規定、溫室氣體統計指南的發展歷程，以及六大類土地的定義。接著盤點我國現有的土地利用策略，以及各單位對於國土利用調查的發展與現況。其後整理了碳匯估算中地面樣區調查與通量塔的相關理論與方法，以及國內目前對於六大類土地碳匯調查的相關數據。
二、在「以衛星遙測資料分析台灣土地利用歷年變化」方面，本計畫首先簡介了 MODIS 衛星及其遙測原理，而後使用 MODIS 於台灣本島之六大土地利用遙測結果與傳統航空照相人工判釋的結果相比較以驗證其判釋正確率。在衛星遙測台灣土地利用之結果分析方面，已求得 2000-2013 台灣本島六大土地利用面積之變化以及其分布地圖，並製做出土地利用變遷矩陣。
三、在「以動態植被模式估算台灣森林及其他土地利用之碳匯」方面，本計畫首先簡介了動態全球植被模型（DGVM）的基本原理及模式特性，而後使用了三套DGVM模式進行臺灣2000-2012總體碳匯每年變化量之模擬，繪製碳匯通量分布地圖，並與第四次全國森林資源調查知結果做比較分析。
四、在「整合動態植被模式及地面樣區調查與通量塔以建置我國碳匯查證工具」方面，本計畫首先分析了樣區調查、電腦模式、以及通量塔在碳匯調查原理上的差異，而後匯整、討論了不同方式的碳匯數據估算結果及其「建構低碳臺灣策略–碳減量及交易整合先期規劃」專案工作計畫限制，最後提出了我國碳匯查證工具之建議。
五、在「研析我國參與國際碳匯之碳權交易並建立森林碳匯方法學」方面，本計畫首先研析了 AR-CDM 制度、自願減排碳標準 VCS、以及中國核證減排量 CCER 之異同，而後歸納重要因素、提出了我國建立自有森林碳匯方法學之可行作法與流程。此外並完成了我國參與國際林業專案之可行性評估。
This project consists of five goals, with the results summarized in the following:
1. In terms of the “the Relevant Regulations and Investigation Status of Carbon Sink and Inventory Check of Domestic Land Use”, the definitions of International Greenhouse Gas Policies and Agreements, IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Development of National Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories, and the Six Types of Land are firstly discussed in this chapter, followed by the checking of our country’s current strategy of land use, and the development and status quo of domestic land use investigation of the various units. Later in this chapter, the relevant theories and methods of surveying the ground sample and flux tower, as well as the related data of the carbon sink in the six types of lands in our country are listed.
2. In regard to “Analysis of Land Use Change in Taiwan with Satellite Telemetry Data”, the MODIS satellite and the telemetry principle are introduced, and then the results – the telemetric results of the six types of land uses in Taiwan and the human interpreted results of traditional aerospace photographs – are compared to verify the correctness rate of the interpretations. In analyzing the telemetric results of the land use in Taiwan, the area changes and the distribution of the six types of land in Taiwan during Year 2000 – 2013 are obtained and presented in Taiwan’s land use change matrix.
3. In terms of the “Estimation of Carbon Sinks For Taiwan’s Forests and Other Land Uses with Dynamic Vegetation Pattern”, the basic principles and the model features of Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (DGVM) are introduced. Three DGCMs are used to stimulate the total amount of carbon sink changes per year during 2000-2012 in Taiwan, to draw the contribution map of carbon flux, and to compare and analyze with the fourth national forest resource survey results.
4. Regarding “Integration of Dynamic Vegetation Patterns and Ground-area Survey and Flux Tower to Establish the Carbon Sink Verification Tool in Taiwan”, the differences of sample area survey, computer model and flux tower in the principle of carbon sink survey are analyzed. Recommendations of Taiwan’s carbon sink verification tool are proposed after discussing and consolidating different approaches for the estimation of carbon sink data and their limitations.
5. In terms of the “Research on Taiwan’s Participation in International Carbon Right Trading and the Establishment of Forest Carbon Sequestration Methodology”, the differences and similarities of the AR-CDM system, the verified carbon standard (VCS), and the China Certified Emission Reduction are analyzed in the beginning of this chapter, and followed by summarizing the key factors, proposing viable approaches and procedures for establishing a self-owned forest carbon sequestration methodology in Taiwan. In addition, the analysis of the most appropriate countries with diplomatic relations with us for Taiwan to participate the international REDD+ program has also been completed.
