103年一般廢棄物源頭減量及生產者延伸責任專案計畫
Municipal Soild Waste Source Reduction and Extended Producer Responsibility Project 2014
專案計畫編號 EPA-103-H101-02-222
專案開始日期 2014/04/22
專案結束日期 2014/12/31
專案主持人 陳致谷
主辦單位 廢管處
承辦人 陳彥文
執行單位 永發環境科技管理有限公司
專案分類 廢棄物管理
中文關鍵字 源頭減量、含汞廢棄物、延長生產者責任
英文關鍵字 Source Reduction, Mercury-Containing Waste, Extended Producer Responsibility
協同主持人 邱文琳;王文裕
中文摘要
本計畫主要包括源頭減量及延伸生產者責任二個部分。有關於一般廢棄物源頭減量部分，本計畫藉由蒐集國內相關推動措施，調查限塑政策執行成效、建立塑膠製品(免洗餐具、塑膠袋等)使用基線資料與進行民眾意向電話調查後，提出延續以「改變拋棄型生活型態」為推動願景之一般廢棄物源頭減量未來推動措施之建議，以購物袋及免洗餐具為優先項目。並協助研析包括發泡聚苯乙烯(保麗龍)飲料杯管制措施、取消購物用塑膠袋厚度管制標準、推動聚氯乙烯塑膠製品源頭管制與辦理大專院校外帶免洗餐具減量計畫等方案，期延續推動既有源頭減量政策之精神。在重金屬減量部分，除落實「限制乾電池製造、輸入及販賣」公告，配合環保署進行修正公告作業，因應國際趨勢擴大管制品項及增加重金屬管制限值，並採3階段逐步推動。另本計畫並抽驗市面上販售各類電池，結果顯示多數均能符合法令規定，並建議未來3年優先進行汞血壓計及包裝之重金屬等源頭減量工作。有關延伸生產者責任分成三大部分，首先，推動產品環境友善化，延續102年成果研析電子電器環境友善評估準則草案範本；其次，有關新增公告回收，建議短期優先公告回收LED照明光源，中長期持續推動逐類公告回收電子電機產品；再者，業者自主回收有三個重點：監督輔導廢包裝用發泡塑膠回收部分，除審查自辦回收清除處理業務執行報告書及會計報告書外，辦理稽核認證作業、評估自主回收成效及研訂104年清除處理契約。而廢行動通訊產品回收部分，推估102年手機回收率為18.9%，較過去成長，經考量業者行政成本負擔、回收管道、誘因及處理量能等因素，建議手機不宜納入公告應回收項目。最後，在廢碳粉匣與廢墨水匣自主回收合作備忘錄草案，已與原生、再生及通路業者完成研商，以利後續簽署。
英文摘要
Source reduction and Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) are two main topics in the project. This project conducted a comprehensive review of municipal solid waste source reduction in Taiwan, and made recommendations for future promoting measures to continue the vision of “Lifestyle Changes for Non-Disposable Items,” based on the review outcome, with plastic shopping bags and single-use tableware as priority. The review analysis included reviewing various related national promoting measures, investigating the outcomes of plastic restriction policies implementation, establishing baseline data for the use of plastic single-use tableware and plastic shopping bag, and conducting public opinion poll for feedback. In addition, further studies and analysis on expanded polystyrene(EPS) single-use beverage cups and related regulations, cancellation of plastic bags thickness control regulation, promotion of polyvinylchloride(PVC) plastic items source control, and the organizing of higher education institutions single-use tableware reduction plans, were carried out. This is a continuation of the promoting work for the objectives of the current source reduction policy. In relation to the reduction of heavy metal containing, not only amendment of “Restrictions on the Manufacture, Import, and Sale of Dry Cell Batteries” (Draft) was put into practice, but also been enlarged the regulatory sector with additional regulation on heavy metal containing based on the international trend, and will be enforced over 3 stages following from the announcement of the amendment. This project also conducted sample testing of various types of batteries sold in the market. The results showed that most products could comply with the legal requirements. Thus, it is recommended to carry out source reduction work for mercury-added sphygmomanometers and packaging with heavy metals as priority for the next three years. Three EPR subtopics are studied in the project. First, the proposal, based on 2013 outcomes, for Eco-Friendly assessment guideline of electronic and electrical equipment is drafted to promote Product Design for the Environment (DFE). Second, in order to enhance waste electronic and electrical equipment (WEEE) recycling, enlisting of light-emitting diode (LED) lighting source in short term and WEEE by categories as designated recycling item for recycling is recommended. Moreover, voluntary recycling scheme is promoted. To secure the successful operation of voluntary EPS recycling by EPS association, both documentation review and on-site visit are conducted during the project period. Moreover, the revised contract draft for voluntary EPS recycling is proposed that extends the voluntary support scope with detailed supervision. The 2013 recycling rate of mobile cellular phone is 18.9%. However, evaluations showed that the enlisting of mobile cellular phone into mandatory recycling item is not feasible in considerations of factors like industry responsibilities, public administration cost, recycling channels and incentives, and processing capacity. It is therefore not recommended as designated recycle item. Lastly, the first draft of the Voluntary Recycling Memorandum of Understanding for Cooperation for wasted toner and ink cartridges, between retailers, producers, importers and the Government has been written in consultation with all of the stakeholders for further application.
