計畫名稱：永續物料管理制度與相關運作機制規劃及推動專案工作計畫
Sustainable Materials Management Strategic Planning and Promotion Project
計畫編號：EPA-102-HA14-03-058
計畫執行單位：財團法人環境資源研究發展基金會
計畫主持人（共同主持人）：顧洋 教授（邱文琳博士）
計畫期程：102年2月19日起至102年12月31日止
中文關鍵字：永續物料管理;資源生產力;物質流分析;資源使用效率;績效評估指標;投入產出表;企業產業盤查;國家資源型產業關聯表
英文關鍵字：Sustainable material management;Resource productivity;material analysis;resource efficiency;material productivity index;input/output table;business input/output inventory;National Resources Input-Output Table
摘要
本計畫主要工作包括以下三大項工作：
(一) 建立永續物料管理制度及績效評估指標
1.彙整OECD、歐盟（EU）、聯合國環境署（UNEP）在永續物料管理相關制度之推動內容及最新資訊，以及德國提升資源使用效率計畫、荷蘭以產品供應鏈管理為導向的廢棄物政策及日本循環型社會之政策法規、推動策略、行動計畫及政府部門分工等內容，釐清廢棄物管理和永續物料管理主要六大差異。2.檢視我國廢棄物管理問題及資源管理現況，並以糧食、鐵礦、煤及土石為案例，從中針對我國的資源/物料管理，提出未來執行建議，包括管理目標、策略與措施、短中長程執行建議等。3.參考先進國家對於目標與指標建置情形，提出我國永續物料管理績效指標共計7項，做為評估我國推動成效參考之用。
(二) 建立我國整體資源循環資料庫
1.完成資源經濟面向國家資源型產業關聯表架構規劃，參考國外作法，以68部門、4大類物質、現行廢棄物種類與廢棄物處理方式等進行帳表架構建置合於我國國情之資源管理工具，以及提出國產投入資料與進口物料投入資料處理方式。2.建立國家資源型產業關聯表及規劃投入產出資料庫，以投入物料進行部門別與資源類別示範分析，以及說明投入產出資料庫規劃與管制中心重要資料表。3.評析廢棄物產生量與再利用及整合資料庫，以煤灰、廢鐵與電弧爐煉鋼爐渣為例，示範原料投入觀點檢視廢棄物產出之合理性，分析產業別再利用狀況，以及分析產業結構對廢棄物產出之間接影響。4.研提廢棄物循環再利用減碳係數評估方法，以分析再生料相關回收政策的價值的觀點，利用簡約式生命週期評估廢鋼鐵與廢鑄砂兩項再生料之減碳效益。
(三) 盤查產業投入產出資料及研擬改善措施
1.界定廠商盤查目的及功能，並建立盤查方法、流程、表單及100家事業之盤查結果分析，了解企業目前於物質流管理所遭遇之限制與困難，據以提出精進改善方法，作為未來廠商物質流管理之範例。2.建立企業層級之永續物料管理評估指標，完成計算各廠商及四大鋼鐵製造業之評估指標值。3.研提4大產業資源生產力提升建議，並彙整鋼鐵產業相關減碳措施及減碳效益。4.辦理兩場次廠商盤查說明會及一場次盤查成果座談會，俾使業者配合盤查作業，並與環保署針對企業層級之物質流管理政策進行意見交流。
英文摘要
There were three major tasks for the project: 1. To establish the sustainable materials management institution and performance evaluation index system. (1) To research and collect up-to-date literature related to sustainable materials management from the OECD, the EU, and the UNEP. The results included the German Resource Efficiency Programme, the Netherlands’ chain approach, and Japan’s sound material-cycle society policy and regulations. The literature was summarized to provide information regarding policy instruments, institutional change, major difficulties, division of work among government agencies, and the role of business and industries in sustainable materials management. The summary was used in the project report as important reference for establishing the SMM policy in Taiwan. (2) The waste management policy and regulations, and resource management status in Taiwan were reviewed. Resources were classified into four categories: biomass, metals, non-metal minerals, and energy carriers. The management measures in each category were articulated with examples, and compared with those in other countries in order to propose improvement suggestions for future resource/material management measures. The proposed improvement measures included management objectives, policy strategies and instruments, short-term/mid-term/long-term action plans, and the division of work among government agencies. (3) The sustainable materials management objective, indices, and status in OECD, EU, and Japan were used as references in establishing the sustainable materials management performance index system in Taiwan. 2. To establish an integrated circular resources database. (1) A new resource-economic input/output table was completed with 68 categories of sectors and 4 categories of materials. The waste categories and disposal methods were integrated into the new input/output table as an instrument of resource management for analyzing material input and output data. (2) New industrial relational table was created, and the cyclic resource input/output database was planned. The structure of the database was analyzed with examples. Current database of the EPA waste control center was integrated into the planned cyclic resource input/output database. (3) Waste generation and recycling was analyzed and evaluated with examples of coal ash, scrap steel, and slags from EAF. The consistency of waste generation, the sectoral recycling status, and the indirect influence of sectoral structure on waste generation was examined. (4) The carbon-reducing factors of recycled secondary materials used in manufacturing processes were evaluated as potential replacement for primary raw materials, which might be proposed as one of the cyclic resource management measures. Two analytic examples were provided: the scrap steel and the waste foundry sand. 3. To inventory industrial input/output data at the business level and to propose improvement measures for business resource productivity. (1) A tentative methodology for business level material input/output inventory was devised and implemented with a standard operation procedure. One hundred business in the steel sector were selected for the inventory, and the data collected were analyzed to research potential material flow problems that might reduce resource productivity. Measures to improve productivity and material flow management were suggested for each business. (2) Sustainable materials management indices were calculated using collected input/output data for each business and four sub-sectors of the steel sector. (3) Measures to increase resource productivity were proposed for each business based on input/output data. The carbon reducing measures and associated benefits were proposed for the steel sector. (4) Two pre-inventory seminars were held to coordinate the inventory procedure, and to increase the willingness of participation of selected business. The inventoried business were invited to a forum in which analytic results of inventory data were presented, and opinions regarding material management policy were exchanged among participants.
